Virginia passed a law adding sexual orientation and gender identity to its non-discrimination laws. This law was challenged and stuck down by citing a supreme court case (I think the one about a cake, but not sure) that said it infringed on the speech of the religious person.
As for how far it goes, good question. When the supreme court case ruled on that there was a lot of fear that it would lead to further discrimination around the country - it seems to be true so far.
In the US there are laws to protect certain groups against discrimination, so no, a business cannot legally just do business with whoever they please if they are discriminating against a protected group.
All this ruling shows is that LGBTQ+ folks are not a protected group and have less rights under the law than other groups (religious groups, for example).
This ruling confirms that people who are LGBTQ+ can be discriminated against in ways that other people cannot.
It’s your business but if you want to do business in the US, federal and a lot of state laws say you can’t discriminate against customers based on factors such as race, religion, sex or national origin.
Do you think it’s a waste of resources to even give him a trial? Death penalty trials are long and expensive and often cost more than lifelong incarceration. You might be okay with a low bar for having the government remove someone from society but I think the bar should be high, and the decision shouldn’t be done lightly. However, keeping that bar high also takes more resources so the issue isn’t as easy as you make it out to be.